MySQL - SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句
MySQL SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句
MySQL 的字符集是指字符串中允许使用的合法字符集。MySQL 提供了多种字符集，您可以使用 SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句查看所有可用字符集的列表。
语法
以下是 ALTER DATABASE 语句的语法:
SHOW CHARACTER SET [LIKE 'pattern' | WHERE expr]
示例
以下查询检索所有可用的字符集 -
SHOW CHARACTER SET\G;
输出
上述查询生成如下所示的输出 -
*********** 1. row ***********
Charset: armscii8
Description: ARMSCII-8 Armenian
Default collation: armscii8_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 2. row ***********
Charset: ascii
Description: US ASCII
Default collation: ascii_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 3. row ***********
Charset: big5
Description: Big5 Traditional Chinese
Default collation: big5_chinese_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 4. row ***********
Charset: binary
Description: Binary pseudo charset
Default collation: binary
Maxlen: 1
*********** 5. row ***********
Charset: cp1250
Description: Windows Central European
Default collation: cp1250_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 6. row ***********
Charset: cp1251
Description: Windows Cyrillic
Default collation: cp1251_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 7. row ***********
Charset: cp1256
Description: Windows Arabic
Default collation: cp1256_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 8. row ***********
Charset: cp1257
Description: Windows Baltic
Default collation: cp1257_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 9. row ***********
Charset: cp850
Description: DOS West European
Default collation: cp850_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 10. row ***********
Charset: cp852
Description: DOS Central European
Default collation: cp852_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 11. row ***********
Charset: cp866
Description: DOS Russian
Default collation: cp866_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 12. row ***********
Charset: cp932
Description: SJIS for Windows Japanese
Default collation: cp932_japanese_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 13. row ***********
Charset: dec8
Description: DEC West European
Default collation: dec8_swedish_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 14. row ***********
Charset: eucjpms
Description: UJIS for Windows Japanese
Default collation: eucjpms_japanese_ci
Maxlen: 3
*********** 15. row ***********
Charset: euckr
Description: EUC-KR Korean
Default collation: euckr_korean_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 16. row ***********
Charset: gb18030
Description: China National Standard GB18030
Default collation: gb18030_chinese_ci
Maxlen: 4
*********** 17. row ***********
Charset: gb2312
Description: GB2312 Simplified Chinese
Default collation: gb2312_chinese_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 18. row ***********
Charset: gbk
Description: GBK Simplified Chinese
Default collation: gbk_chinese_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 19. row ***********
Charset: geostd8
Description: GEOSTD8 Georgian
Default collation: geostd8_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 20. row ***********
Charset: greek
Description: ISO 8859-7 Greek
Default collation: greek_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 21. row ***********
Charset: hebrew
Description: ISO 8859-8 Hebrew
Default collation: hebrew_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 22. row ***********
Charset: hp8
Description: HP West European
Default collation: hp8_english_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 23. row ***********
Charset: keybcs2
Description: DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak
Default collation: keybcs2_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 24. row ***********
Charset: koi8r
Description: KOI8-R Relcom Russian
Default collation: koi8r_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 25. row ***********
Charset: koi8u
Description: KOI8-U Ukrainian
Default collation: koi8u_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 26. row ***********
Charset: latin1
Description: cp1252 West European
Default collation: latin1_swedish_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 27. row ***********
Charset: latin2
Description: ISO 8859-2 Central European
Default collation: latin2_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 28. row ***********
Charset: latin5
Description: ISO 8859-9 Turkish
Default collation: latin5_turkish_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 29. row ***********
Charset: latin7
Description: ISO 8859-13 Baltic
Default collation: latin7_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 30. row ***********
Charset: macce
Description: Mac Central European
Default collation: macce_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 31. row ***********
Charset: macroman
Description: Mac West European
Default collation: macroman_general_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 32. row ***********
Charset: sjis
Description: Shift-JIS Japanese
Default collation: sjis_japanese_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 33. row ***********
Charset: swe7
Description: 7bit Swedish
Default collation: swe7_swedish_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 34. row ***********
Charset: tis620
Description: TIS620 Thai
Default collation: tis620_thai_ci
Maxlen: 1
*********** 35. row ***********
Charset: ucs2
Description: UCS-2 Unicode
Default collation: ucs2_general_ci
Maxlen: 2
*********** 36. row ***********
Charset: ujis
Description: EUC-JP Japanese
Default collation: ujis_japanese_ci
Maxlen: 3
*********** 37. row ***********
Charset: utf16
Description: UTF-16 Unicode
Default collation: utf16_general_ci
Maxlen: 4
*********** 38. row ***********
Charset: utf16le
Description: UTF-16LE Unicode
Default collation: utf16le_general_ci
Maxlen: 4
*********** 39. row ***********
Charset: utf32
Description: UTF-32 Unicode
Default collation: utf32_general_ci
Maxlen: 4
*********** 40. row ***********
Charset: utf8mb3
Description: UTF-8 Unicode
Default collation: utf8mb3_general_ci
Maxlen: 3
*********** 41. row ***********
Charset: utf8mb4
Description: UTF-8 Unicode
Default collation: utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
Maxlen: 4
LIKE 子句
使用 LIKE 子句，您可以指定一个模式来检索指定字符集的描述 -
SHOW CHARACTER SET LIKE '%utf%';
输出
以下是上述查询的输出 -
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
|---|---|---|---|
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 |
| utf16le | UTF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci | 4 |
WHERE 子句
您可以使用 SHOW CHARACTER SET 语句的 WHERE 子句来检索符合指定条件的变量的描述。
SHOW CHARACTER SET WHERE Maxlen =4;
输出
执行上述查询后，将产生以下输出 &minusl;
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |
|---|---|---|---|
| gb18030 | China National Standard GB18030 | gb18030_chinese_ci | 4 |
| utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 |
| utf16le | TF-16LE Unicode | utf16le_general_ci | 4 |
| utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 |
| utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci | 4 |
