Spring Boot JPA - 原生查询
有时会出现一些情况，我们需要自定义本机查询来完成一个测试用例。 我们可以使用 @Query 注解在存储库中指定查询。 下面是一个例子。 在本例中，我们使用原生查询，并在 Query annotation 中设置属性 nativeQuery=true 以将查询标记为原生。
我们在 JPA 自定义查询章节的 Repository 中添加了自定义方法。 现在让我们使用本机查询添加另一个方法并对其进行测试。
存储库 - EmployeeRepository.java
添加一种方法以按姓名获取员工列表。
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer> {
public List<Employee> findByName(String name);
public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
public Employee findByEmail(String email);
@Query(value = "SELECT e FROM Employee e ORDER BY name")
public List<Employee> findAllSortedByName();
@Query(value = "SELECT * FROM Employee ORDER BY name", nativeQuery = true)
public List<Employee> findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
}
让我们通过在测试文件中添加测试用例来测试添加的方法。 下面文件的最后两个方法测试添加的自定义查询方法。
示例
以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整代码。
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;
@Test
public void testFindById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());
}
@Test
public void testDeleteById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
}
private Employee getEmployee() {
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setId(1);
employee.setName("Mahesh");
employee.setAge(30);
employee.setEmail("mahesh@test.com");
return employee;
}
@Test
public void testFindByName() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByAge() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByEmail() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());
assertNotNull(result);
}
@Test
public void testFindAllSortedByName() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
Employee employee1 = new Employee();
employee1.setId(2);
employee1.setName("Aarav");
employee1.setAge(20);
employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.save(employee1);
List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByName();
assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
}
@Test
public void testFindAllSortedByNameUsingNative() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
Employee employee1 = new Employee();
employee1.setId(2);
employee1.setName("Aarav");
employee1.setAge(20);
employee1.setEmail("aarav@test.com");
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.save(employee1);
List<Employee> result = employeeRepository.findAllSortedByNameUsingNative();
assertEquals(employee1.getName(), result.get(0).getName());
}
}
运行测试用例
输出
右键单击 eclipse 中的文件并选择 Run a JUnit Test 并验证结果。
