Spring Boot JPA - 命名查询
有时会出现案例，我们需要自定义查询来完成一个测试案例。 我们可以使用@NamedQuery 注解在实体类中指定命名查询，然后在存储库中声明该方法。 下面是一个例子。
我们在 JPA 自定义方法 章节的 Repository 中添加了自定义方法。 现在让我们使用 @NamedQuery 添加另一个方法并对其进行测试。
实体 - Entity.java
以下是 Employee 的默认代码。 它表示一个包含 id、name、age 和 email 列的 Employee 表。
package com.tutorialspoint.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.NamedQuery;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table
@NamedQuery(name = "Employee.findByEmail",
query = "select e from Employee e where e.email = ?1")
public class Employee {
@Id
@Column
private int id;
@Column
private String name;
@Column
private int age;
@Column
private String email;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
}
存储库 - EmployeeRepository.java
添加一个方法来按姓名和年龄查找员工。
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Integer> {
public List<Employee> findByName(String name);
public List<Employee> findByAge(int age);
public Employee findByEmail(String email);
}
现在 Spring JPA 将使用命名查询中提供的查询自动创建上述方法的实现。 让我们通过在测试文件中添加测试用例来测试添加的方法。 下面文件的最后两个方法测试添加的命名查询方法。
以下是 EmployeeRepositoryTest 的完整代码。
package com.tutorialspoint.repository;
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.transaction.Transactional;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import com.tutorialspoint.entity.Employee;
import com.tutorialspoint.sprintbooth2.SprintBootH2Application;
@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@Transactional
@SpringBootTest(classes = SprintBootH2Application.class)
public class EmployeeRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private EmployeeRepository employeeRepository;
@Test
public void testFindById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), result.getId());
}
@Test
public void testFindAll() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testSave() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee found = employeeRepository.findById(employee.getId()).get();
assertEquals(employee.getId(), found.getId());
}
@Test
public void testDeleteById() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
employeeRepository.deleteById(employee.getId());
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findAll().forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 0);
}
private Employee getEmployee() {
Employee employee = new Employee();
employee.setId(1);
employee.setName("Mahesh");
employee.setAge(30);
employee.setEmail("mahesh@test.com");
return employee;
}
@Test
public void testFindByName() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByName(employee.getName()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByAge() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
List<Employee> result = new ArrayList<>();
employeeRepository.findByAge(employee.getAge()).forEach(e -> result.add(e));
assertEquals(result.size(), 1);
}
@Test
public void testFindByEmail() {
Employee employee = getEmployee();
employeeRepository.save(employee);
Employee result = employeeRepository.findByEmail(employee.getEmail());
assertNotNull(result);
}
}
运行测试用例
右键单击 eclipse 中的文件并选择 Run a JUnit Test 并验证结果。
