如何创建 - 自定义选择框
了解如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 创建自定义选择框。
自定义选择框
Default:
Custom:
创建自定义选择菜单
步骤 1) 添加 HTML:
实例
<!-- Surround the select box within a "custom-select" DIV element.
Remember
to set the width: -->
<div class="custom-select" style="width:200px;">
<select>
<option value="0">Select car:</option>
<option value="1">Audi</option>
<option
value="2">BMW</option>
<option
value="3">Citroen</option>
<option
value="4">Ford</option>
<option value="5">Honda</option>
<option value="6">Jaguar</option>
<option value="7">Land
Rover</option>
<option value="8">Mercedes</option>
<option value="9">Mini</option>
<option
value="10">Nissan</option>
<option
value="11">Toyota</option>
<option
value="12">Volvo</option>
</select>
</div>
步骤 2) 添加 CSS:
实例
/* 容器必须相对定位:*/
.custom-select {
position: relative;
font-family: Arial;
}
.custom-select select {
display: none;
/*隐藏原始 SELECT 元素:*/
}
.select-selected {
background-color: DodgerBlue;
}
/* 为选择元素内的箭头设置样式:*/
.select-selected:after {
position: absolute;
content: "";
top: 14px;
right: 10px;
width: 0;
height: 0;
border: 6px solid transparent;
border-color: #fff
transparent transparent transparent;
}
/ *在选择框打开时向上向上箭头(活动):* /
.select-selected.select-arrow-active:after
{
border-color: transparent transparent #fff transparent;
top: 7px;
}
/* 设置项目(选项)的样式,包括选中的项目:*/
.select-items div,.select-selected {
color: #ffffff;
padding: 8px 16px;
border: 1px solid transparent;
border-color: transparent transparent
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) transparent;
cursor: pointer;
}
/* 样式项目(选项):*/
.select-items {
position: absolute;
background-color:
DodgerBlue;
top: 100%;
left: 0;
right: 0;
z-index: 99;
}
/* 关闭选择框时隐藏项目:*/
.select-hide {
display: none;
}
.select-items div:hover, .same-as-selected {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
步骤 3) 添加 JavaScript:
实例
var x, i, j, l, ll, selElmnt, a, b, c;
/* 查找类 "custom-select" 的任何元素:*/
x = document.getElementsByClassName("custom-select");
l = x.length;
for (i = 0; i < l; i++) {
selElmnt = x[i].getElementsByTagName("select")[0];
ll = selElmnt.length;
/* 对于每个元素,创建一个新的 DIV,它将作为选定项:*/
a = document.createElement("DIV");
a.setAttribute("class",
"select-selected");
a.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[selElmnt.selectedIndex].innerHTML;
x[i].appendChild(a);
/* 对于每个元素,创建一个包含选项列表的新 DIV:*/
b = document.createElement("DIV");
b.setAttribute("class", "select-items select-hide");
for (j =
1; j < ll; j++) {
/* 对于原始选择元素中的每个选项,
创建一个新的 DIV 作为选项项:*/
c = document.createElement("DIV");
c.innerHTML = selElmnt.options[j].innerHTML;
c.addEventListener("click", function(e) {
/* 当一个item被点击时,更新原来的选择框,
和选中的item:*/
var y,
i, k, s, h, sl, yl;
s =
this.parentNode.parentNode.getElementsByTagName("select")[0];
sl = s.length;
h = this.parentNode.previousSibling;
for (i = 0; i < sl; i++) {
if (s.options[i].innerHTML == this.innerHTML) {
s.selectedIndex = i;
h.innerHTML = this.innerHTML;
y = this.parentNode.getElementsByClassName("same-as-selected");
yl = y.length;
for (k = 0; k < yl; k++) {
y[k].removeAttribute("class");
}
this.setAttribute("class", "same-as-selected");
break;
}
}
h.click();
});
b.appendChild(c);
}
x[i].appendChild(b);
a.addEventListener("click", function(e) {
/* 单击选择框时,关闭所有其他选择框,
并打开/关闭当前选择框:*/
e.stopPropagation();
closeAllSelect(this);
this.nextSibling.classList.toggle("select-hide");
this.classList.toggle("select-arrow-active");
});
}
function closeAllSelect(elmnt) {
/* 关闭文档中所有选择框的函数,
除了当前选择框:*/
var x, y, i, xl, yl, arrNo = [];
x =
document.getElementsByClassName("select-items");
y =
document.getElementsByClassName("select-selected");
xl =
x.length;
yl = y.length;
for (i = 0; i <
yl; i++) {
if (elmnt == y[i]) {
arrNo.push(i)
} else {
y[i].classList.remove("select-arrow-active");
}
}
for (i = 0; i < xl; i++) {
if (arrNo.indexOf(i))
{
x[i].classList.add("select-hide");
}
}
}
/* 如果用户点击选择框外的任意位置,
则关闭所有选择框:*/
document.addEventListener("click", closeAllSelect);
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