Requests - 处理超时

您可以轻松将超时添加到您请求的 URL。碰巧的是，您正在使用第三方 URL 并等待响应。为 URL 提供超时始终是一种很好的做法，因为我们可能希望 URL 在一定时间范围内响应或错误。不这样做可能会导致无限期地等待该请求。

我们可以使用超时参数为 URL 提供超时，并以秒为单位传递值，如下例所示 −

示例

import requests
getdata = 
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)
print(getdata.text)    

输出

raise ConnectTimeout(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout:
HTTPSConnectionPool(host='jsonplaceholder.typicode.com', 
port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /users (Caused 
by Connect
TimeoutError(<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 
0x000000B02AD
E76A0>, 'Connection to jsonplaceholder.typicode.com timed out. (connect 
timeout = 0.001)'))

给出的超时如下 −

getdata =
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=0.001)

执行抛出连接超时错误，如输出所示。给出的超时为 0.001，请求无法返回响应并抛出错误。现在，我们将增加超时并检查。

示例

import requests
getdata = 
requests.get('https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/users',timeout=1.000)
print(getdata.text)

输出

E:\prequests>python makeRequest.py
[
   {
      "id": 1,
      "name": "Leanne Graham",
      "username": "Bret",
      "email": "Sincere@april.biz",
      "address": {
         "street": "Kulas Light",
         "suite": "Apt. 556",
         "city": "Gwenborough",
         "zipcode": "92998-3874",
         "geo": {
            "lat": "-37.3159",
            "lng": "81.1496"
         }
      },
      "phone": "1-770-736-8031 x56442",
      "website": "hildegard.org",
      "company": {
         "name": "Romaguera-Crona",
         "catchPhrase": "Multi-layered client-server neural-net",
         "bs": "harness real-time e-markets"
      }
   }
] 

超时 1 秒后，我们可以获得所请求 URL 的响应。