VB.Net - 正则表达式

正则表达式是可以与输入文本进行匹配的模式。 .Net 框架提供了允许此类匹配的正则表达式引擎。 模式由一个或多个字符文字、运算符或结构组成。

用于定义正则表达式的构造

有多种类别的字符、运算符和结构可让您定义正则表达式。 单击以下链接查找这些构造。

Regex 类

Regex 类用于表示正则表达式。

Regex类有以下常用方法 −

序号 方法 & 描述
1

Public Function IsMatch (input As String) As Boolean

指示 Regex 构造函数中指定的正则表达式是否在指定的输入字符串中找到匹配项。

2

Public Function IsMatch (input As String, startat As Integer ) As Boolean

指示 Regex 构造函数中指定的正则表达式是否在指定输入字符串中从字符串中指定的起始位置开始找到匹配项。

3

Public Shared Function IsMatch (input As String, pattern As String ) As Boolean

指示指定的正则表达式是否在指定的输入字符串中找到匹配项。

4

Public Function Matches (input As String) As MatchCollection

在指定的输入字符串中搜索所有出现的正则表达式。

5

Public Function Replace (input As String, replacement As String) As String

在指定的输入字符串中,将与正则表达式模式匹配的所有字符串替换为指定的替换字符串。

6

Public Function Split (input As String) As String()

将输入字符串拆分为子字符串数组,其位置由 Regex 构造函数中指定的正则表达式模式定义。

有关方法和属性的完整列表,请参阅 Microsoft 文档。

示例 1

以下示例匹配以"S"开头的单词 −

Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions
Module regexProg
   Sub showMatch(ByVal text As String, ByVal expr As String)
      Console.WriteLine("The Expression: " + expr)
      Dim mc As MatchCollection = Regex.Matches(text, expr)
      Dim m As Match
      
      For Each m In mc
         Console.WriteLine(m)
      Next m
   End Sub
   
   Sub Main()
      Dim str As String = "A Thousand Splendid Suns"
      Console.WriteLine("Matching words that start with 'S': ")
      showMatch(str, "\bS\S*")
      Console.ReadKey()
   End Sub
End Module

当上面的代码被编译并执行时,会产生以下结果 −

Matching words that start with 'S':
The Expression: \bS\S*
Splendid
Suns

示例 2

以下示例匹配以"m"开头并以"e"结尾的单词 −

Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions
Module regexProg
   Sub showMatch(ByVal text As String, ByVal expr As String)
      Console.WriteLine("The Expression: " + expr)
      Dim mc As MatchCollection = Regex.Matches(text, expr)
      Dim m As Match
      
      For Each m In mc
         Console.WriteLine(m)
      Next m
   End Sub
   
   Sub Main()
      Dim str As String = "make a maze and manage to measure it"
      Console.WriteLine("Matching words that start with 'm' and ends with 'e': ")
      showMatch(str, "\bm\S*e\b")
      Console.ReadKey()
   End Sub
End Module

当上面的代码被编译并执行时,会产生以下结果 −

Matching words start with 'm' and ends with 'e':
The Expression: \bm\S*e\b
make
maze
manage
measure

示例 3

此示例替换了多余的空格 −

Imports System.Text.RegularExpressions
Module regexProg
   Sub Main()
      Dim input As String = "Hello    World   "
      Dim pattern As String = "\\s+"
      Dim replacement As String = " "
      Dim rgx As Regex = New Regex(pattern)
      Dim result As String = rgx.Replace(input, replacement)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Original String: {0}", input)
      Console.WriteLine("Replacement String: {0}", result)
      Console.ReadKey()
   End Sub
End Module

当上面的代码被编译并执行时,会产生以下结果 −

Original String: Hello   World   
Replacement String: Hello World