Spring AOP - 基于 XML 的应用程序
在本章中，我们将使用 Spring AOP 框架编写实际的 AOP 应用程序。 在开始使用 Spring-WS 框架编写第一个示例之前，您必须确保已按照 Spring Web Services - 环境设置章节中的说明正确设置了 Spring AOP 环境。
现在，继续编写一个简单的控制台式 Spring AOP 应用程序，它将演示 AOP 概念。
创建项目
步骤 1 − 打开命令控制台，进入 C:\MVN 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令。
实例
C:\MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.tutorialspoint
-DartifactId=Student -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-quickstart
-DinteractiveMode=false
Maven 将开始处理并创建完整的 Java 应用程序项目结构。
实例
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >-------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] >>> maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) > generate-sources @ standalone-pom >>>
[INFO]
[INFO] <<< maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) < generate-sources @ standalone-pom <<<
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-archetype-plugin:3.2.0:generate (default-cli) @ standalone-pom ---
[INFO] Generating project in Batch mode
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-quickstart:1.0
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:\MVN
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: Student
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.tutorialspoint
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:\MVN\Student
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 13.388 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-27T20:18:26+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
步骤 2 − 转到 C:/MVN 目录。 您将看到创建了一个名为 student 的 Java 应用程序项目（在 artifactId 中指定）。 更新 POM.xml 以包含 Spring-AOP 依赖项。 添加 MainApp.java、Student.java 和 Logging.java 文件。
POM.xml
实例
<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId>
<artifactId>Student</artifactId>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>Student</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.7</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
以下是 Logging.java 文件的内容。
实例
package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Logging {
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* before a selected method execution.
*/
public void beforeAdvice() {
System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* after a selected method execution.
*/
public void afterAdvice() {
System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* when any method returns.
*/
public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){
System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );
}
/**
* This is the method which I would like to execute
* if there is an exception raised.
*/
public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex) {
System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());
}
}
以下是 Student.java 文件的内容。
实例
package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
System.out.println("Age : " + age );
return age;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
System.out.println("Name : " + name );
return name;
}
public void printThrowException(){
System.out.println("Exception raised");
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
}
以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容。
实例
package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
student.getName();
student.getAge();
student.printThrowException();
}
}
步骤 3 − 在 src > main > resources 文件夹下添加配置文件 Beans.xml。
实例
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">
<aop:config>
<aop:aspect id = "log" ref = "logging">
<aop:pointcut id = "selectAll"
expression = "execution(* com.tutorialspoint.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:before pointcut-ref = "selectAll" method = "beforeAdvice"/>
<aop:after pointcut-ref = "selectAll" method = "afterAdvice"/>
<aop:after-returning pointcut-ref = "selectAll"
returning = "retVal"
method = "afterReturningAdvice"/>
<aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref = "selectAll"
throwing = "ex"
method = "AfterThrowingAdvice"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<!-- Definition for student bean -->
<bean id = "student" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Student">
<property name = "name" value = "Zara" />
<property name = "age" value = "11"/>
</bean>
<!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
<bean id = "logging" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/>
</beans>
步骤 4 − 打开命令控制台，进入 C:\MVN 目录并执行以下 mvn 命令。
C:\MVN>Student> mvn package
Maven 将开始处理和下载所需的库。
C:\MVN\Student>mvn package [INFO] Scanning for projects... [INFO] [INFO] ---------------------< com.tutorialspoint:Student >--------------------- [INFO] Building Student 1.0-SNAPSHOT [INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]--------------------------------- [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ Student --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] Copying 1 resource [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ Student --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ Student --- [INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources. [INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\MVN\Student\src\test\resources [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ Student --- [INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ Student --- [INFO] Surefire report directory: C:\MVN\Student\target\surefire-reports ------------------------------------------------------- T E S T S ------------------------------------------------------- Running com.tutorialspoint.AppTest Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.093 sec Results : Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0 [INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ Student --- [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] BUILD SUCCESS [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [INFO] Total time: 4.213 s [INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-27T20:42:00+05:30 [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C:\MVN\Student>
在 Eclipse 中导入项目
步骤 1 − 打开 Eclipse。
步骤 2 − 选择 File → Import → 选项。
步骤 3 − 选择 Maven Projects 选项。 单击下一步按钮。
步骤 4 − 选择 Project location，Student 项目是使用 Maven 创建的。
步骤 5 − 单击完成按钮。
运行项目
创建完源文件和配置文件后，运行您的应用程序。 右键单击应用程序中的 MainApp.java 并使用 run as Java Application 命令。 如果您的应用程序一切正常，它将打印以下消息。
Going to setup student profile. Name : Zara Student profile has been setup. Returning:Zara Going to setup student profile. Age : 11 Student profile has been setup. Returning:11 Going to setup student profile. Exception raised Student profile has been setup. There has been an exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IllegalArgumentException at com.tutorialspoint.Student.printThrowException(Student.java:25) ...
