Spring @Qualifier 注解

当您创建多个相同类型的 bean 并希望仅将其中一个与属性关联时，可能会出现这种情况。 在这种情况下，您可以将 @Qualifier 注解与 @Autowired 一起使用，通过指定要连接的确切 bean 来消除混淆。 下面是一个例子来展示@Qualifier 注解的使用。

示例

让我们有一个可以工作的 Eclipse IDE，并按照以下步骤创建一个 Spring 应用程序 −

Here is the content of Student.java file −

package com.tutorialspoint;

public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;

   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      return name;
   }
}

这是 Profile.java 文件的内容

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;

public class Profile {
   @Autowired
   @Qualifier("student1")
   private Student student;

   public Profile(){
      System.out.println("Inside Profile constructor." );
   }
   public void printAge() {
      System.out.println("Age : " + student.getAge() );
   }
   public void printName() {
      System.out.println("Name : " + student.getName() );
   }
}

以下是 MainApp.java 文件的内容.

package com.tutorialspoint;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");

      Profile profile = (Profile) context.getBean("profile");
      profile.printAge();
      profile.printName();
   }
}

考虑以下配置文件 Beans.xml 的示例

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

   <context:annotation-config/>

   <!-- Definition for profile bean -->
   <bean id = "profile" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Profile"></bean>

   <!-- Definition for student1 bean -->
   <bean id = "student1" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name = "name" value = "Zara" />
      <property name = "age" value = "11"/>
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for student2 bean -->
   <bean id = "student2" class = "com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name = "name" value = "Nuha" />
      <property name = "age" value = "2"/>
   </bean>

</beans>

完成创建源和 bean 配置文件后，让我们运行应用程序。 如果您的应用程序一切正常，它将打印以下消息 −

Inside Profile constructor.
Age : 11
Name : Zara

❮ Spring 基于注解的配置