Protobuf - 嵌套类

在这里，我们将了解如何创建嵌套类。Protobuf 将其转换为嵌套 Java 类。

继续使用 theater 示例，以下是我们需要用来指示 Protobuf 我们将创建嵌套类的语法 −

syntax = "proto3";
package theater;
option java_package = "com.tutorialspoint.theater";

message Theater {
   TheaterOwner owner = 10;
}
message TheaterOwner{
   string name = 1;
   string address = 2;
}

现在我们的 class/message 包含一个嵌套类，即有关剧院所有者的信息。

要使用 Protobuf，我们现在必须使用 protoc 二进制文件从此 .proto" 文件创建所需的类。让我们看看如何做到这一点 −

protoc --java_out=java/src/main/java proto_files heater.proto

上述命令应该创建所需的文件，现在我们可以在 Java 代码中使用它。首先，让我们创建一个 writer 来写入 theater 信息 −

package com.tutorialspoint.theater;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterOuterClass.Theater;
import com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterOuterClass.TheaterOwner;

public class TheaterWriter{
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      TheaterOwner owner = TheaterOwner.newBuilder()
         .setName("Anthony Gonsalves")
         .setAddress("513, St Paul Street, West Coast, California")
         .build();
	    
      Theater theater = Theater.newBuilder()
         .setOwner(owner)
         .build();
		
      String filename = "theater_protobuf_output";
      System.out.println("Saving theater information to file: " + filename);
		
      try(FileOutputStream output = new FileOutputStream(filename)){
         theater.writeTo(output);
      }
      System.out.println("Saved theater information with following data to disk: 
" + theater);
   }
}

接下来，我们有一个reader来读取theater 信息 −

package com.tutorialspoint.theater;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import com.tutorialspoint.greeting.Greeting.Greet;
import com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterOuterClass.Theater;
import com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterOuterClass.Theater.Builder;

public class TheaterReader{
   public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
      Builder theaterBuilder = Theater.newBuilder();

      String filename = "theater_protobuf_output";
      System.out.println("Reading from file " + filename);
        
      try(FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(filename)) {
         Theater theater = theaterBuilder.mergeFrom(input).build();
         System.out.println(theater);
      }
   }
}

现在，编译后，让我们首先执行writer −

> java -cp .	arget\protobuf-tutorial-1.0.jar com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterWriter

Saving theater information to file: theater_protobuf_output
Saved theater information with following data to disk:
owner {
   name: "Anthony Gonsalves"
   address: "513, St Paul Street, West Coast, California"
}

现在，让我们执行读取器来读取同一个文件 −

java -cp .	arget\protobuf-tutorial-1.0.jar com.tutorialspoint.theater.TheaterReader

Reading from file theater_protobuf_output
owner {
   name: "Anthony Gonsalves"
   address: "513, St Paul Street, West Coast, California"
}

因此，正如我们所见，我们可以通过将二进制数据反序列化为 Theater 对象来读取序列化的嵌套类数据。